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IMPROVEMENT IN EGG PRODUCTION TRAITS
IN THE LIGHT LOCAL CHICKEN ECOTYPE USING A SELECTION INDEX
ABSTRACT
Fifty hens
and five cocks from a random mating population of light local chicken ecotype
(LLCE) were
mated and the fertile eggs hatched to obtain the parent generation (G0) used
for
this study
aimed at improving egg production traits in the LLCE using a selection index.
The
hens were
monitored for short-term (90-days from first day of lay) egg production traits
namely: Body
Weight at First Egg (BWFE), Average Egg Weight (AEW) and Total Egg
Number
(TEN). Data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS (2001)
and
paternal
half-sib model with Harvey (1990) to estimate descriptive statistics and
genetic
parameters
respectively. These were employed in constructing the selection index.
Selection
for all the
selection criteria (BWFE, AEW and TEN) was in the positive direction. Selected
parents were
mated to produce next generations – G1 and G2. Selection differentials,
selection
intensities and genetic response due to selection were also estimated. A
control
population
which spanned for three generations (each generation had its own control
population)
was used to monitor environmental changes and to estimate the genetic changes
due to
selection.
There were
significant increases (P<0.05) in BWFE, AEW, and TEN in the
selected
populations over the three generations of study such significant increases
(P<0.05)
were not
observed in the control population. Heritability estimates for all traits in
all
generations
and populations were moderate to high. The heritability of the index was also
moderate.
Such moderate to high heritability estimates indicate high additive genetic
variances,
implying that these traits were most passed on from the parents to their
offspring.
Low to high
positive genetic and phenotypic correlations was observed between BWFE and
AEW in all
populations of study. The genetic correlation and phenotypic correlation
between
BWFE and EN,
and between AEW and EN, was moderate to highly negative for all
generations
and populations of study. A positive genetic correlation was observed between
AEW and TEN
in G2 of the selected population. A cumulative selection differential of
269.38g,
1.58g and 3.88 eggs were obtained for BWFE, AEW and TEN respectively.
Selection
response for traits increased over the generations in a fairly linear manner.
Realized
response per generation was estimated to be 94.22g, 0.84g and 4.85eggs for
BWFE,
AEW and TEN
respectively. It is evident that the simultaneous inclusion of BWFE, AEW,
and TEN in a
selection index generally improved the performance of selected birds over the
generations
in the Light Local Chicken Ecotype.
TABLE OF CONTENT:
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the
Research Problem
1.3 Objectives of the
Study
1.4 Significance of
the Study
1.5 Research Questions
1.6 Research
Hypothesis
1.7 Conceptual and
Operational Definition
1.8 Assumptions
1.9 Limitations of the
Study
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Sources of
Literature
2.2 The Review
2.3 Summary of
Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Method
3.2 Research Design
3.3 Research Sample
3.4 Measuring
Instrument
3.5 Data Collection
3.6 Data Analysis
3.7 Expected Result
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
4.1 Data Analysis
4.2 Results
4.3 Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary
5.2 Recommendations
for Further Study
References
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