CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SOME LESSER-KNOWN WILD FRUITS AND VEGETABLES CONSUMED IN AYAMELUM LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF ANAMBRA STATE
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CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SOME
LESSER-KNOWN WILD FRUITS AND VEGETABLES CONSUMED IN AYAMELUM LOCAL GOVERNMENT
AREA OF ANAMBRA STATE
ABSTRACT
The study
identified some edible fresh wild green leafy vegetables and fruits and
determined their nutrients, antinutrients and food toxicants content. The
proximate, micronutrients, antinutrients and food toxicants contents of these
fruits (Olax viridis (“Osenga”), Gongronema species (“Aado”), Ficus carpensis
(“Akankolo”), Napoleona/imperialis
(“Ukpodikili”),
Afromonum species) (“Okwocha”) and vegetables Vitex doniana (“Uchkulu”) and
Ficus carpensis) were determined using standard methods. The moisture content
of the fruits ranged from 59.83 to 75.40% in Olax viridis (“Osenga”) and
Gongronema species,
(“Aado”)
respectively. Olax viridis (“Osenga”) fruits had high levels of protein
(6.52%),ash (12.52%),and fibre (13.58%).Fiscus crapensis (“Akankolo”) fruit contained
appreciable quantities of ascorbate (36.mg).Gongronema species fruit is rich in
iron (23.50mg),
phosphorus
(44.66mg), copper (14.06mg) and zinc(12.43mg). The fruits equally contained high
levels of phytate (12.60-108mg) in Gongronema species (“Aado”) and Olax viridis
(“Osenga”).
Afromonum
species (“Okwocha”) had high oxalate (127.22mg). Tannins and saponins levels of
the fruits were low (0.05-0.12mg and 0.02-0.30mg), respectively. Ficus carpensis
(“Akankolo”) leaf had high moisture (60.44%) and low protein (2.18%), fat
(3.42%), ash
(10.5%),fibre(8.91%) .Vitex doniana (“Uchakulu”) had less than 50% carbohydrate
(35.74%) and high fibre(11.45%). Vitex doniana (“Uchakulu”) leaf contained appreciable
amounts of β-carotene (67.83mg), and Fiscus carpensis (“Akankolo”) leaf had lower
B-carotene (27.94mg) relative to that of Vitex doniana (“uchakulu”) .07.83mg.
The
ascorbate
level (67.83mg) was high in Vitex doniana. Vitex doniana leaf had appreciable quantities
of phosphorus (28.63mg) and high oxalate level (128.56mg). Saponins (0.02mg) and
tannins (0.12mg) were low in the two vegetables. The edible lesser-known wild
fruits and
vegetables
can contribute much more nutrients especially micro nutrients to the diet of families
in Ayamelum Local Government Area of Anambra State. The antinutrients phytate, oxalate,
tannin and saponin levels of the fruits and vegetables were at safe levels.
Increased consumption of these foods is advocated.
TABLE OF CONTENT:
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the
Research Problem
1.3 Objectives of the
Study
1.4 Significance of
the Study
1.5 Research Questions
1.6 Research
Hypothesis
1.7 Conceptual and
Operational Definition
1.8 Assumptions
1.9 Limitations of the
Study
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Sources of
Literature
2.2 The Review
2.3 Summary of
Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Method
3.2 Research Design
3.3 Research Sample
3.4 Measuring
Instrument
3.5 Data Collection
3.6 Data Analysis
3.7 Expected Result
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
4.1 Data Analysis
4.2 Results
4.3 Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary
5.2 Recommendations
for Further Study
References
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