ATTENTION:
BEFORE YOU READ THE CHAPTER ONE
OF THE PROJECT TOPIC BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE
PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COSTS N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL
INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS
PAGE. OR YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08168759420
AN APPRAISAL
OF EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP AND ORGANISATION OBJECTIVE IN NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
In modern
society, economic prosperity and progress depend largely on the quality of
leadership. This is true of nation states as it is of individuals or generate
among policy makers, corporate executives and investors are largely justified.
Leadership is very essential in an organization because achievements and
results occur corollary to the traits being projected by the leader. The major
aim of every organization is to grow. The relationship between the management
and employees has a great impact to that effect. Employees will be expecting to
earn higher so as to sustain their living while the management will be
expecting employee to work had so as to see that the objectives of the
organization is realized. Organizational objective is more or less a pure psychology
attached to the institutional companies and applicable to achieve
organisational goals. It constitutes the activities of an organisation that can
be observed by another organisation or by experimental instruments. The
research work will focus on the leadership and effects of leadership style,
appraisal and organisational objective in Nigeria. The work is made up of five
chapters. In the first chapter we will discuss about the general ideas of
leadership, organisational objective and its effects on management and
employee. In the second chapter we shall look into the literature review, we
shall look into various authors who have researched on the leadership styles,
appraisal and organisational objective of management and employees. In chapter
three, we will present research methodology while chapter four will be
presentation of data analysis. We shall also interpret the data and test the
hypothesis and finally, chapter five will be summaries, findings and
recommendation.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
GENERAL IDEA
OF LEADERSHIP
Leadership
is a process in which a leader attempts to influence his or her followers to
establish and accomplish a goal or goals.
LEADERSHIP
The capacity
to lead others: command, lead.
An act or instance
of guiding: direction, guidance, lead, management. See affect/ineffectiveness.
Leadership
is the process through which an individual tries to influence another
individual or a group of individuals to accomplish a goal. Leadership is valued
in our culture, especially when it helps to achieve goals that are beneficial
to the population, such as the enactment of effective preventive health
policies. An individual with leadership qualities can also improve an
organization and the individuals in it, whether it be a teacher who works to
get better teaching materials and after school programs or an employee who
develops new ideas and products and influences others to invest in them.
Leadership
can be exhibited in a variety of ways and circumstances. Mothers and fathers
show leadership in raising their children with good values and encouraging them
to develop to their potential. Teachers show it in inspiring students to learn
and to develop their intellectual capacity. Health care workers can be leaders
and develop services that meet the needs of the communities they serve, or work
in collaboration with other organizations to create cost effective, prevention
oriented programs and services.
Many studies
have been done and many books and articles have been published on this subject.
Through this work a consistent set of leadership attributes has emerged. An
effective leader does most, if not all, of the following:
Challenge
the Process search out challenging opportunities, take risks, and learn from
mistakes.
Inspire
others to come together and agree on a future direction or goal— create a
shared vision by thinking about the future, having a strong positive vision,
and encouraging others to participate.
Help others
to act—help others to work together, to cooperate and collaborate by developing
shared goals and building trust, and help to make others stronger by
encouraging them to develop their skills and talents.
Set an
example—behave in ways that are consistent with professed values and help
others to achieve small gains that keep them motivated, especially when a goal
will not be achieved quickly.
Encourage
others—recognize each individual’s contributions to the success of a project.
Another way
of defining leadership is to acknowledge what people value in individuals that
are recognized as leaders. Most people can think of individuals they consider
being leaders. Research conducted in the 1980s by James Kouzes and Barry Posner
found that a majority of people admire, and willingly follow, people who are
honest, forward looking, inspiring, and competent
An
individual who would like to develop leadership skills can profit from the
knowledge that leadership is not just a set of exceptional skills and
attributes possessed by only a few very special people. Rather, leadership is a
process and a set of skills that can be learned.
The word
leadership can refer to: the process of leading. Those entities that perform
one or more acts of leading.
Kouzes
(2002) states that “Leadership is not a place, it‘s not a position, and it‘s
not a secret code that can‘t be deciphered by ordinary people. Leadership i s
an observable set of skills and abilities. Of course some people are better at
it than others.”
In general
terms, leadership can be defined as the ability to influence the behaviour of
others.
This
definition can be expanded when considering leadership in organizations to
include the fact that the leader exerts influence within a working group in
order that the group may achieve group tasks or objectives. (T .Lucy 1997)
leadership is an everyday art involving the skill of leading and dealing with
people. The success in ruling new dominions is contingent upon both his ability
to wield power effectively, and the existence of an opportunistic situation.
Problems, which result within organizational members, disagree on both the
natures of the goals of which people disagree on both the natures of the goals
of which people aspire, and the act of leadership. Leadership, as we use the
term refers to behaviour, undertaken within the context of an organisational
members behave.
It could be
observed that leadership and management envisages deeply into what the
organization can achieve if the quality of recognition is accorded to them.
Leadership has been propounded to include the sources of influence that are
built into a position in an organizational hierarchy.
These
include organizationally sanctioned rewards, and punishments, authority, as
well as referent and expert power katz and kahn 1966, p.32. It could be seen
however, that subordinates within the organization, through not all seem to
enjoy the influence that exists all over and above the organization.
Leadership
is very essential organization and greatly influences the whole organization
because achievements and results occur corollary to the traits being projected
by the leader. Leadership includes the ultimate source of power but has that
positive ability in persuading other individuals and to be innovative in
decision making. According to Bennis and Nanus, many organizations are over
managed and under led. The difference is crucial, managed are people who do
things right, but leaders are people who do the right things always.
Problems are
bound to occur within every noted organisation and decision making is bound to
generate conflicts while initiating policies.
People are
expected to coordinate. Whatever they are doing to achieve organizational
goals. In this light, the notion of leadership act are those which help a
grouping meeting those stated objectives (Bavelas 1960:p491).in general terms
the acts of controlling other people consists uncertainty reduction ,which
entails making the kind of choice that permits the organization to proceed
towards its objective despite various kinds of internal and external variables.
The
effectiveness of leadership has some characteristics, which include forceful
threats, a complete assertion of authority to the subordinates, and a derived,
and situational responsibility.
Note that in
the society today, not only the presence of rewards (positive and negative), or
the incentive appraisal could induce productivity but the feeling of
belongingness.
Improper
leadership qualities within the organization have a negative impact on the
subordinates as well as the achievement of the organizational objective. An
organization that has growth and forward looking has a good leadership and vis
a vis a bad or deteriorating organization has a bad leadership.
Leadership
is always related to the situation. There is a growing awareness that is a
continuous interaction between the factors presents in any given situation,
including for example, the personal characteristics of the leader, the tasks,
the environment, the technology, the attitudes, motivation and behaviour of the
followers and so on.
1.2 BRIEF
HISTORY OF DIAMOND BANK PLC
Diamond Bank
Plc began as a private limited liability company on March 21, 1991 (the company
was incorporated on December 20, 1990). Ten years later, in February 2001, it
became a universal bank. In January 2005, following a highly successful Private
Placement share offer which substantially raised the Bank’s equity base,
Diamond Bank became a public limited company. In May 2005, the Bank was listed
on The Nigerian Stock Exchange. Moreover, in January 2008, Diamond Bank’s
Global Depositary Receipts (GDR) was listed on the Professional Securities
Market of the London Stock Exchange. The first bank in Africa to record that
feat.
Today,
Diamond Bank is one of the leading banks in Nigeria respected for its excellent
service delivery, driven by innovation and operating on the most advanced
banking technology platform in the market. Diamond Bank has over the years
leveraged on its underlying resilience to grow its asset base and to
successfully retain its key business relationships. And like a diamond, our
strength makes us even more valued and valuable. Diamond Bank has won several
awards including the prestigious “Most Improved Bank of the Year”- This day
Newspapers, “Best Bank in Mergers & Acquisition”.
We have
retained excellent banking relationships with a number of well-known
international banks, allowing us to provide a bouquet of world class banking
services to suit the business needs of our clients. These international banking
partners include Citibank; HSBC Bank; ANZ Banking Group; ING BHF Bank AG;
Standard Chartered Bank; Belgolaise Bank S.A; Deutsche Bank; Commerzbank; and
Nordea Bank Plc.
In 2008, and
to ensure we grow with the needs of our customers, we streamlined our
operations into three distinct strategic business segments: Retail banking,
Corporate Banking, and Public sector.
Diamond Bank
continues to develop and to build on its core competencies. By continually
cutting from the rough, we have improved our services and our banking
facilities. Like cutting from a rough gem to create a diamond of the finest
quality, we are proud to have become a gem of a bank.
An effective
leadership has been widely acknowledged as a potent instrument for achieving
organisation goals and objectives. Leadership is an important aspect of
managing the ability to lead effectively is one of the keys to being an
effective manager; the essence of leadership is fellowship.
In other
words, it is the willingness of people to follow that makes a person a leader.
Moreover, people tend to follow those whom they perceive as providing a means
of achieving their own desires, wants and needs. That is why any organization
that desires to achieve her objectives, must have an effective and efficient
leadership who knows how to apply all the management principles in achieving
her organizational objectives. The leader must be one who is willing to work
with zeal and confidence. Zeal here reflects ardor earnestness, and intensity
in the execution of work, confidence reflects experience and technical ability.
To lead is to guide, conduct, direct and proceed. Leaders act to help a group
achieve objectives with maximum application of its capabilities. They should not
be leaders who do not stand behind a group or organization to push and to
proud. They should place themselves before. The group as they facilitate
progress and inspire the group to accomplish organizational goals. This is the
kind of leadership we desire to have in our institutions. Furthermore, it
should be noted that, any organization without an effective efficient
leadership is like one driving a car without a head-lamp in the night. This
could be very dangerous and could also limit their chances of achieving their
objectives. That most organizations do not realize their goals and objectives
could be attributed to inefficient and ineffective leadership. For an
institution like (case study), to realize all her laudable organizational goals
should have an effective leadership who possess all the required leadership
traits and qualities.
Leadership
according to Katz and Kahn (1978:p.16) is generally defined simply as
influence, the art or process of influencing people so that they will strive
willingly to achieve a group goal. This concept can be enlarged to imply not
only willingness to work but also willingness to work with zeal and confidence.
Zeal reflects ardor, earnestness, and intensity in the execution of work,
confidence reflects experience and technical ability. To lead is to guide,
conduct, direct and precede.
1.2
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
The design
of the investigation is to elicit the effect of the different leadership styles
in finance oriented and services oriented organization in order to determine
its distinct impact on the organizational behaviour of management and employees
in the case organization.
I: The
purpose of the study is to evaluate the factors of leadership (the traits:
intelligence, initiative, imagination, communication, the skills, analytical,
diagnostic, conceptual, the status, recognition and the situation) culture in
the case organisation with the view to calculate their contribution in
attaining organisational objective. (Contribution to efficiency and growth in
profit).
II: The
object on the inquiry is to ascertain the most favourable leadership style
amongst autocratic, democratic, paternalistic, and laissez faire, used in the
case organisation to determine its influence on management and employees.
III: The
intention of the investigation is to compare the relationship (positive or
negative) between leadership and organisational behaviour in the finance and
service oriented organisation to identify the effect on work performance.
IV: The
purpose of the study is to correlate the leadership style to organisational
behaviour of management and employees in DIAMOND
BANK to
decide the trend and influence of leadership style on the organisational
behaviour of management and employees
1.3
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The study will
address the following objectives.
i. To
evaluate the roles of effective leadership in achieving organisational goals
and objectives
ii. To
determine the impact of the role of efficient leadership in an organisation.
iii. To find
out if there is any need for the role of effective leadership in an
organization.
iv. To
assess whether the strategies adopted have been very effective and efficient in
the achievement of organization goals.
v. To study
the climate under which an effective leadership will thrive.
vi. To find
out whether, the students and the employees are satisfied with the roles of
effective leadership in an organization
vii. To
study whether the roles of effective and efficient leadership have been very
effective and efficient in achieving organisational goals.
viii. To
find out the problems limiting the efficacy of the roles of effective
organisational goals.
ix. To
recommend on how best to enhance the effective and efficient roles of effective
leadership in the achievement of organisational goals.
1.4
FORMULATION OF HYPOTHESIS
In aiming to
go on with the stated problem of study, the following research problem oriented
hypotheses are revealed.
HYPOTHSIS I:
Leadership style that display intelligence, initiative and communication
traits, analytical, diagnostic and conceptual skills, recognition and
situation, contributes certainly to attaining organisational efficiency and
growth in point.
HYPOTHESIS
II: The leadership style that has no monopoly of authority improves
interpersonal relationship that employee oriented determines positive reaction
in form of contribution to decision making, punctuality and work to achieve
company goals.
HYPOTHSIS
III: Positive relationship between leadership and organisational behaviour in
the case of organisation will increase the work performance.
HYPOTHESIS
IV: Positive correlation between the leadership style and organisational
behaviour in and DIAMOND BANK will lead to increase performance to achieve
organisational objectives and goals.
1.5 RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
To solve the
research problems, the researcher or the investigator has asked the following
questions.
i. Is there
any need for the role of effective leadership in the achievement of
organisation goals
ii. Which
leadership style is most profound in the (your case study here) ?
iii. Has the
role of effective leadership any impact in the employees utilization of
capability?
iv. Has
environmental factors affected the roles of effective leadership in achieving
orgnaisational goals?
v. Has the
kind of leadership and employees satisfied with the roles of effective
leadership in achievement of effective leadership in achievement organizational
goals ?
1.6
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study
is very timely, especially now that all hands are on decoct to enhance the
development and growth of education in our tertiary institutions nationwide.
This study will be of immense benefit to other business enterprise on how to
determine the best leadership style to adopt in achieving her enterprise goals
and objectives. In addition, the study will determine the factors or problems
limiting the attainment of organization’s goals. It Is excepted that her findings
will help to bridge any gap that may exist and make our tertiary institutions
and other sectors adopt the best leadership style aimed at achieving her
organisation laudable goals. It is very necessary in the achievement of
organisation’s goals, and to evaluate its effectiveness, especially now that we
talk of granting our institutions autonomy in handling their own affairs. It
seems that a lot of problems are being encountered that make the roles of
effective leadership not productive and viable.
This study
will determine why most effective leadership do not achieve their
organisation’s goals.
Organization
(your case study name here), Enugu, must achieve her corporate objectives in
order to justify her existence. This cannot be possible without the roles of
effective leadership
1.7 SCOPE OF
THE STUDY.
The scope of
this study is very wide if it has to be carried out nationwide. This study is
sample narrowed to (your case study name here), (your case study name here),
and it based on the evaluation of the roles of effective leadership in the
achievement of organization’s goals.
1.8
LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
In pursuing
this investigation and study, lots of impediments and obstruction were
encountered as the research progressed. All these impediments brought about a
conspicuous clause with the research work. They include, lack of relevant data
due to poor respondent, time constraint and financial conditions.
Lack of
relevant data: The design of the study was negatively affected by the nature of
respondent, which was projected by the workers within the case organisation.
The non challant attitude of most employees approached, sample of the studying
population was discouraging relevant information needed for the research was
not made available easily to the researcher while the available information
were censored before being allowed to be used.
A. TIME
CONSTRAINT: Time was also limited to the researcher in carrying out the study
effectively and efficiently. Time constraint was experienced under dual stages.
One was with the sample under population study. They either schedule
appointment that they cannot meet up with or complain of limited time within
their work though they are willing to respond.
In addition,
the other was with the researcher. The research is being carried out within
limited semester time table, which include the understudy of other aspect of
the course being read. This created a situation of not rescheduling meetings
for more comprehensive interviews as may have been required.
B. FINANCIAL
CONDITION: Financial condition prevailing within the economic system was a
serious impediment. This includes transportation fare to and from school to the
case organisations. Also that of extracting the essential information either
through printing or photocopying of relevant materials. Finance, thus
contributed immensely to limit the entire scope of the research.
Although all
these obstructions were envisaged and experienced, efforts were made to carry
on with the research to achieve the expected and desired result.
1.9
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Leadership
-This is generally defined as – influence, the art or process of influence
people so that they will strive willingly toward the achievement of group goal.
Effectiveness
– This refers to the extent to which output is in line with organizational
objectives.
Efficiency –
This is defined as fitness or power to accomplish or in accomplishing the
purposes intended it described the relationship between resources consumed in
process of generating effective output and the output so produced.
HOW TO GET THE FULL PROJECT
WORK
PLEASE, print the following
instructions and information if you will like to order/buy our complete written
material(s).
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT
MATERIAL(S)
After paying the appropriate
amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1)
Your project topics
(2)
Email Address
(3)
Payment Name
(4)
Teller Number
We
will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account
Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account
Number: 0046579864
Bank:
GTBank.
OR
Account
Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account
Number: 2023350498
Bank:
UBA.
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
AFFILIATE
Comments
Post a Comment