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TEACHERS
INPUT AS DETERMINANT OF STUDENTS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN ECONOMICS
ABSTRACT
The study is
an attempt to investigate Teachers input as determinant of students academic
performance in economics.The Population of the study comprises five Schools in
Kosofe Local government,Lagos State.However,100 respondents were selected from
five Schools,with 20 students from each School.The researcher developed a
questionaire to colleect and analyse data on the topic using
correlation-coefficient. The result of the study shows a positive relatonship
between Teachers input on the level of academic performance of students in
Economics though weak.Base on this,some recommendations were made among which
are: Formulation of short and long term plan by Teachers,full involvement of
students in classroom activities,adequate use of continuous assessment to
motivate learning in students,training and retraining of teachers on modern method(s)
which can be used to teach economics more effectively,provision of
instructional materials by government to Schools to enhance the teaching of
economic concepts
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
The impact
of education to the modern society can not be over emphasized as the
development of education is closely linked with
the development of any nation. The economic value of education started
to generate greater analytical attention, When it becomes clear that a
substantial part of economic progress made especially in the early 19th century
by the industrialized nations and very recently by the Asian tigers could be
attributed to the development of their educational system.
This view of
what education is and it importance made many nations across the globe to
define ideals of government as regards the education of its citizens. It is sad
to note that, Nigeria is still far from running an educational system that
prepares the country and its citizens for meaningful development.
In the past,
teaching was one of the best professions in which teachers are highly
respected, well paid and honoured for their jobs by both parents, students and
the entire community. Unlike today, the reverse is the case. The group of
people who now find themselves in the teaching profession are unqualified. particularly a considerable number of
teachers who handle economics at the secondary school level lack the basic
relevant mathematical, statistical, economic concept and graphical knowledge
essential to develop in students understanding
of problems, choices and opportunity cost facing individuals, government
, society and upon which later theories can be built.
The few
teachers who are qualified to effectively handle the subject are underpaid,
ill-motivated and sometimes over worked which made them not to put in their
best. Consequently, this resulted into poor academic performance of students in
economics in the external examination in
the past years. West Africa examination council (WAEC) media head at the
national office IYI UWADIAE told a press conference in Lagos in july 2011 that
“ the 2010 Nov/Dec WASSCE result
released, the majority of the students could not score above two credits” it was further reported by an internet
website Naijarules.com that according to the media head ‘a total of 133,507
candidates, representing 43.06 percent obtained credits and above in English
language while 151,569 candidates, which
is about 48.88 percent of the total candidates, obtained credits and
above in mathematics’.
From the
official result released by the examination body for the core subjects, with
economics as a subject and others not been reported it can be infer that
students performance in these subjects are very low which necessitate it not
been reported.
Obviously,
teachers have been shown to have important influence on student's academic
achievement and they also play a crucial role in educational attainment
because teachers are ultimately
responsible for translating policies into actions and principle based on the
practice during interaction with the students (AFE 2001).
Effective
teaching and learning depends on the quality of teachers; no wonder an
effective teacher has been viewed as one who produces desired results in the
course of his duty as a teacher.
In view
of the paramount roles teachers play in
inculcating enduring and functional learning into the students, thus
necessitate a probe into the teachers
input as determinant of students academic performance in economics
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
There have
been some observation on the student’s in senior secondary class having
difficulties in understanding of graphical and mathematical concepts which make
them to show some kind of hatred for
certain topics in economics and economics as a subject. This could be
attributed to ineffective use of instructional materials in the teaching and
learning of graphs and method adopted in teaching the mathematical aspect of
it. The research intend to look at these factors and many others during the
course of this study.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose
of this research is to look into the teachers input as determinant of students
academic performance and also the effective use of instructional materials in
the teaching and learning by students. There is the need to encourage the use
of instructional materials in teaching and learning by students and to
highlight the importance of using instructional materials in teaching the
students.
1.4 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
The
following formulated hypothesis would be tested
1- There is no significant relationship between
teachers input and academic performance
2- There is no significant relationship between
method of teaching and student academic performance
3- There is no significant relationship between
teacher competence and preparation in academic performance
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
It is quite
clear that the findings and implementation of recommendations arising from this
study will contribute to improved academic performance, social and
psychological satisfaction of students and impact positively on the standard of
the nation’s educational system mostly at a period when the sector is in dear
need of reform.
The research
will therefore be of great assistance to teachers, educational administrators,
curriculum planners and policy makers in the education sector. The findings of
this study will be of great value in enhancing teachers performance during
instructional process and promote students-teacher classroom interaction for
effective teaching learning process.
It is my
hope that my findings at the end of this project would help proffer a veritable
working tool for teachers in their daily teaching business in order to deliver
qualitative teaching during classroom session so as to raise the standard of
the education.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of
this study shall cover five senior secondary schools within Kosofe local
government area of Lagos state
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
Due to time
and financial constraint are the major limitation facing the conduct of the
study. Distance in terms of spreading of schools across the community and
distance among them is a great challenge for the conduct of the study.
1.8 OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS
It is
important to explain certain key words that occur in this paper especially as
they are used in this write up.
- Input: according to Cambridge university press
2008, advanced learner dictionary third edition, it defines input as something
as energy, money or information that is put into a system, organization or
machine so that it can operate.
- Teachers input: this is what teacher
gives the student and all actions taken by the teacher to ensure that effective
teaching and learning takes place within the classroom setting.
- Academic performance: it is defined as
the display of knowledge attained or skills developed in school subjects
designated by test and examination scores or marks assigned by the subject
teachers.
- Instructional planning: it is the process
by which teachers decide how best to select and organize a learning experience
to maximize both teacher and student achievement and satisfaction.
- Instructional materials: these are kind
of tools or equipment which can help effectively the instructor in theory
teaching, classroom or in practical assessment
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