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BUDGETING
FACTORS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS: DETERMINANTS OF TEACHERS’ PERFORMANCE
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
Educational
Administrators have long been aware that budgeting it a useful exercise.
Budgeting is a dynamic accounting tool at the disposal of management for the
allocation of resources optimally in the midst of scarcity through effective
planning, coordinating, and controlling the financial activities of a business.
Budget now occupy a leading place among the tools of management. Madumere
(2008) stated that budgets are
operational instruments for allocation of resources in the economy and for
transformation of the society in accordance with set goals. The education
managers will like to know the share of public funds allocated to education in
order to know exactly what financial inputs are at their disposal for planning
and execution of programmes for the particular period concerned. This implies
that without budget analysis decision-making in nay organization including
education and other training grounds would be hampered.
As an
instrument of change, education undergoes periodic reforms in the development
of any nation. The prime movers of this reforms are the teachers who must be
duely remunerated and promptly paid to induce them to put in their best.
Perrin
(2009) assert that the world budget originated from the own French word
“baguette” It was first used in England
to describe the white leather bag or pouch that held the seal of the medieval
court of Exchequers. Later the ministers bag containing his proposal for
financing government expenditure became known as his budget; whenever he
presents his proposal to the parliament he was
said to "open his budget" this phrase was first-.used in
1733AD.
The role and
importance of budget have assumed a new dimension in recent times both within
the public private sectors of the economy. Budgeting is seen as a key mechanism
in managing organizations especially the complex education system. The budget could be for
annual or biannual period. The analysis would help to see the evaluation of the
share to education over the stipulated period.
Education
managers or planners and administrators of education, need knowledge of budget
analysis to be able to perform their tasks efficiently. Specifically the budget
shows how much of the state’s budget is allocated to education sector and
sectors for the particular year 2011. It suffices to mention that Lagos State
Government as at 2011 in its line item
budget system released an intended expenditure of N52,000,000 (One Hundred
Fifty Two Million Naira only for the running of each of its sit educational
districts include the area under study. This represents 48% for the fiscal year
as axpansitated in chapter two of this stud. One of the techniques widely
employed in the analysis of the budget is the calaucaytion of the percentages
of each them over the total budget. This gives the effect proportion of any
item in question. It is o pediment for education planners to analyse budgets
which are determinate of teachers perforce. This is because, it takes motivated
teachers or workforce to optimally utilize the resources available to them.
It is
against this backdrop that this study is aimed at examing every form of
narrowly conceived budgeting system or those which are insensitively applied
and therefore dysfunctional to educational system in Nigeria. Thus, this
project research of a mind the budgeting
system of the case study, Lagos education district Two coping of Oshodi/Isolo
L.G.A and its environs.
1.2 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This
research access budgeting factus determinants of teacher preference in public
decay schools in Lagos State whether Nigeria is a ratio has benefited from its
budgeting administration and to evaluate this development to effective school
administration in which the teacher is the prime mover of the economy is below
off.
The study
therefore will be of benefit to the following:
1. Administration
2. Teachers
3. Students
4. Government
1.3 DEFINITION OF TERMS
1.
Budgeting: A comprehensive and
coordinated plan, expression in financial terms for the operations and
resources of an enterprise for some specific permot in the future.
2. Secondary
Schools: This is the post primary and pre-tertiary level of formal education.
3. Control:
A measure put in place to checkmate the execution of task.
4. Budget
Committee: A body responsible for preparing the budget in a given organization.
5. Budget
circle: A set of event occurring in the same sequence annually cumulating to an
approved budget.
6.
Educational Budget: This is an
operational instrument for allocation of resources in the school system. For
planning and execution of performance for the particular period concerned
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