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A
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF WELL-BEHAVED AND DELINQUENT
STUDENTS
ABSTRACT
The study
focused on the comparative analysis of the academic performance of the
well-behaved and delinquent students, in Esan-West Local Government Area. Three
research questions were used to guide the study. The sample of the study
comprised of one hundred and fifty (150) students who are senior secondary two
of five selected secondary schools in Esan-West Local Government Area. Data for
this study was collected using questionnaire and the response was based on a
4-point Likert scale of Always true AT, Often true OT, Sometimes true ST and
Never true NT. Data collected were analyzed using T-test. The findings revealed
that; there is no difference in the academic performance of well-behaved boys
and delinquent boys, there is no difference in the academic performance of
well-behaved girls and delinquent girls and there is no difference in the
academic performance of students from intact and broken homes. From this it was
then recommended that:
1. Individual and group counselling should
be employed by the school guidance and councellors to correct these delinquent
acts.
2. Teachers should establish an order of
standard behaviour so that students can know what is expected of them.
3. The school principals must exert the
types of leadership and inspiration that will result in educational growth of
the students.
4. Government should employ guidance
councellors in secondary schools.
The
suggestion for further studies was also made.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background
of the Study
Learning theories recognize the
freedom of teachers in the classroom situation .With this, they create room for
acceptability for what ever happens within the class. This is to say that
teachers at all levels of learning should be given credit for any relative
change in students’ behavior that is beneficial to the students. On the same
note, the teachers are to be held liable for anything lacking on the child
which the teacher is expected to have impacted in the classroom. Unfortunately,
the teacher becomes the scapegoat for every short comings of their students.
This is so because the teacher has the professional competence to re-order the
learning experience provided for the student and chooses the medium he or she
considers best through which the knowledge should be disseminated.
Well behaved students are those ones
that abides by the school rules and regulations such as being punctual at
school, providing textbooks and other writing materials for them by their
parents, prompt payment of school levies to allow them stay in school, punctual
and regular at school lessons, putting on the correct school uniforms, doing of
take home assignment, not making noise or bulling other students in the
classroom and so on. While the delinquent students are those ones that do not
abide by the school rules and regulations. In essence, we say they are the
opposite of the well behaved students.
Both the well behaved and the
delinquent students do exist in schools, they sit in the same classroom, they
receive the same lessons, and they are thought by the same teachers and at the
end of the term or session, they sit for the same examinations and their script
are marked by the same teachers or examiners; why then should there be no
difference in their academic performance since they are the opposite of each
other. For example, students from broken homes who lack adequate parental care
at home and are not well taken care of should not be expected to perform well
academically since there is no proper discipline impacted on the child from
home.
Juvenile delinquency on the other hand
is becoming rampant today and if care is not taken, these students may become a
menace in our society. It is now on the increase since the delinquent ones has
nearly outnumbered the well-behaved ones and this is causing a lot of problems
in our schools and to the country as well. A lot has been written on juvenile
delinquency as the major factor of poor academic performance of delinquent
students and as such, a lot should be done to curb it as it regards the way it
affects the academic performance of the students. This study is committed to
finding out the comparism of the academic performance of the well-behaved
students and that of the delinquent secondary school students.
Juvenile
delinquency includes not only the students has violated any adult rule but also
the students who habitually deports himself so as to endanger the morals of
himself or others thus affecting his performance academically and this is not
hampered or disturbed for the well-behaved students.
Juvenile delinquency includes truancy,
stealing, quarrelling, noise making, immoral or indecent conduct, ganstarism,
using of vulgar languages in public, cultism and so on. All the above named
factors contribute to the poor academic performance of delinquent secondary
school students. Any students who exclude him or her self from these acts will
excel academically compared to those involved in them.
It must be realized that the academic
performance of school students varies according to their locality i.e rural and
urban areas. In the cities, though there are some areas where the delinquent
act is negligible and others in which it is well above average. Some could be
traced to the trait of the child that is children who come from homes where
criminal acts are common can often be inclined to be delinquent; this means
that they have inherited such traits from their parents.
The family is known to be the source for
both the well-behaved and the delinquent school students. This is because some
children are fully provided with their needs while most of them lack proper
parental care and control for one reason or the other. In a home where the
child feels rejected, unsecured, unloved and unwanted, there is the tendency
for the child to be come delinquent. For example, an under aged girl could
enter into an unmatured relationship simply because she is interested in what
any one can give or offer. The delinquent needs assistance in making
adjustments that are socially acceptable so as not to find themselves in
difficulty.
Statement of
the Problem
If learning as a process is taken to
mean a behaviour that is initiated to modify change, then there will be a
problem that will make the change not to take place. If there is a sudden
disruption of the input process, the expected change in behaviour might not
take place.
The teachers
have an important role to play in the academic performance of the learners,
both the well-behaved and the delinquent ones. However, if the teachers are not
competent to play their respective roles very well, the expected change might
not take place accordingly
Purpose of
the Study
This study
tends to find out the difference between the academic performance of well-behaved
secondary school students and the delinquent secondary school students.
Therefore, for the purpose of this study, we focus on the well-behaved and
delinquent students in order to find out how their behaviour has affected their
learning at school.
Research
Questions
For this
study, three questions were raised. They are:
1. Is there any difference in the academic
performance of the well-behaved boys and delinquent boys?
2. Is there any difference in the academic
performance of the well-behaved girls and delinquent girls?
3. Is there any difference in the academic
performance among the students from intact and broken homes?
Hypotheses
A
statistical hypothesis is an assumption of statement which may or may not be
true concerning one or more.
· There is no difference in the
academic performance of the well-behaved boys and delinquent boys.
· There is no difference in the
academic performance of the well-behaved girls and delinquent girls.
· There is no difference in the
academic performance among students from intact and broken homes.
Significance
of the Study
This study
seeks to find out the difference between the academic performance of the
well-behaved and delinquent secondary school students. It is therefore
important as it will to enable the teachers to know and understand the children
and their different behaviours. Through this study, teachers can deal
meaningfully with the students they teach because it would enable them to know
as much as possible about the students.
The secondary school students from (JSS
1 to SS 3) who are socially misfit or suffer from moral decadence were once
innocent probably in their infancy. That they are what they are today is
largely due to a point at which the children are entrusted to teachers in
formal institutions. Teachers have to ensure some measures of responsibility
for the failure as well as the success of a student. Knowledge of him and the
psychology of his growth and behaviour are important and necessary parts of a
teacher’s educational programme. With this study, teachers would be able to
detect students with any type of juvenile delinquency and curb them before they
influence others.
Finally, the study will serve as a
literature to all practicing teachers. It will also enable the other students
to be adequately taken care of so as not to be influenced by the delinquent
ones. It will also enable the delinquent students to know that their behaviour
could hinder their progress at school. It will also enable the teachers to know
the types of students they are teaching so that the well-behaved ones would be
used as examples to the other students. The study will also make parents to be
aware of the types of children they have, it will enable them to know the type
of treatment to give to them and also keeping a closer look at everything they
do at home.
The school administrators are not
left out that is the principal and the vice-principal. This study will help
facilitate their work and give room for them to know how to handle their
students if they are able to detect the well-behaved ones from the delinquent
ones through their academic performance and also know that they need to apply
extra effort so that the delinquent ones can change.
The study will enable the ministry of
education that is responsible for the education of the state to know how to
provide materials for the schools and also make them know that there is need
for counselors to be employed into schools so as to eliminate disruptive
behaviours in secondary schools.
The policy makers will also benefit
from this duty because it will create awareness for the policy makers to know
how to plan for the education of the children and also make them to be aware of
the types of policies to be made.
Delimitation
of the Study
This study
is also familiar with other tertiary institutions but for the purpose of this
work, it involves all the secondary school students but specifically the
students of the following schools in Esan West Local Government Area of Edo
State particularly Ekpoma Town.
Amazing
Grace Group of schools, Ekpoma
Blessing
Group of Schools, Ekpoma
Bonahis
Group of Schools, Ekpoma
Eguare
Secondary School, Ekpoma
Emaudo
Secondary School, Ekpoma
Limitation
of the study
This study
would be faced with the following constraints:
The refusal
of teachers to disclose the delinquent students.
Strike in
the case of public schools could also hinder the progress of this research
because the students will be unavailable.
The school
management’s rules and regulations might not allow researchers into the field.
Basic
Assumptions
It is
assumed that the magnitude of juvenile delinquency is on the increase since the
number of the delinquent students has nearly out numbered the number of the
well-behaved ones.
Definition
of terms
Academic
Performance: This can be defined as the performance of a person or a group of
persons in education discipline which can be quantified and measured.
Well-Behaved
(Students): This is a person that conforms to the societal norms and values. In
terms of this study, it means those students that conform to the norms, values,
rules and regulations of the school.
Delinquent (Students): This is an act of deviance in terms of societal
norms and values; it is also an act of showing or exhibiting anti-social
behaviour.
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