BEFORE YOU READ THE CHAPTER ONE
OF THE PROJECT TOPIC BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT
OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COSTS N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON
HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR YOU
CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08168759420
ETHNIC
MILITIA; A THREAT TO DEMOCRACY AND SECURITY IN NIGERIA
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the study
Presently in
Nigeria, the formation of ethnic and religious have completely taken over the
stage and also have played a noticeable role with socio-political interactions
of the Nigerian state.
The scenario
of this ethnic militia has posed itself to be a threat to Nigerian democracy
and security, spanning from the North, East, and South of the Nigerian state.
In the Northern state, the exertion of Boko Haram sect which has destroyed
millions of lives in the region cannot be ignored. The Obatse Cult activities
in Nasarawa state in north central Nigeria is likely going to be out of
control. Taking it to the east, the frequent kidnapping by bad men/criminals
remains dangerous in that region. In the South-south area, the activities of
Niger Delta militants who in spite of the amnesty offered to them by the late
President Yar Adua is still not steady, for this reason the environment still
remained threatened day by day.
One of the
major challenges that have constrained development in Nigeria is superiority,
power of ethnic militias which is now a threat to democracy and security of the
country and also eclipsed the nation for over a decade now. The lasting
presence of violence expressed between these groups who feel excluded and
unimportant from existing power structures on one hand and central authority on
the other hand have seriously affected not only peace and security but also
undermined and weakened the countries national development. Also, the violent
conflicts with security personnel, and
the deliberate destruction of public properties by both ethnic militias and
insurgency seriously undermines the safety of lives and properties of the
people, and infuse fear and sense of insecurity on the majority. These
negatively influence the development of the Nigerian state.
Nigerian as
a developing country has in recent times been at the receiving end of the
frequent rise of ethnic militias. It has been pointed that this has also been a
huge challenge in a significant number of African and Asian countries seeking
to migrate from the stage of electoral politics to the consolidation of
democracy. The weight of confirmation shows that democratic openings have often
annoyed ethnic and communal tensions in divided societies. It is now at the
back of every citizen’s mind that we live today in an "era of militant
ethnicity", with its grave social, economic, political and human costs
because of the challenges facing the state.
Among the
most critical and violent of this new brand of released political forces of
which many have thought of as 'resurgence' is the intractable phenomenon of
ethnic nationality/identity movements. Presently in Nigeria, this development
has overshadowed and taken on the form of ethnic militia movements ostensibly
standing in for and seeking to protect their different ethnic interests in a
country in which the state is to a large extent perceived as unconcerned to the
needs of the ethnic nationalities in the country. The most important and well
pronounced among these militias include the plethora of the Niger Delta
militias such as the Egbesu Boys of Africa (EBA), the Niger Delta Volunteer
Force, and the Chikoko Movement. Other new and more pronounced militias include
the O'odua People’s Congress (OPC), the Movement for the Actualisation of the
Sovereign State of Biafra (MASSOB) and the Arewa People’s Congress (APC).
Without any question, the move towards ethnic national self-determination, in
whatever form it clearly shows itself, is the maximum challenge facing the
security of the Nigerian nation from the 1990s onwards. In densely populated
slums of Lagos, Warri, Port Harcourt, Aba, Onitsha, Kaduna and Kano, militant
groups sporadically unleash extreme violence on civil society as well as on the
symbols of governmental authority (Okechukwu 2000). The weight of the killing
of many people by these militant groups is better imagined than experienced.
Agitating youths boldly overrun state security squads, ransack police stations
and overtakes the streets for days. An order or law that requires people to be indoors
are inflicted from time to time while
embattled governmental authorities resort to shoot-on-sight orders to quell
riots and restore order in the volatile Nigerian urban communities. The sudden
increase in ethnic militias ironically seems to be what unifies Nigerians
against the excesses of the state after many years of pernicious rule.
Generally, Nigerians do not have of faith in their government; they lack the
rule of law and a sense of being oppressed. Common to these militant groups are
the attributes of the uncritical use of violence, a preponderance of youth
membership, ethnic identity affiliations, and movements of a basically
pronounced and well-known nature and pressing change over the status quo such
as the calls for a Sovereign National Conference or a National Conference as
the case September be. It is against this backdrop that this paper seeks to
unravel the interesting fact of ethnic militias and its threat to democracy and
Nigerian security.
1.2.
Statement of the general problem
The constant
cases of insecurity in the north eastern part of Nigeria and the Niger delta
has been a source of concern as it has taken a negative tool on the corporate
existence of Nigeria. Cases of militancy and insurgency have long ago divided
the country along ethnic lines and this does not augur well for the cultural
and social development of our country especially as regards to democracy. The
cases of insecurity caused by these menace has resulted to the decline of the
productivity of the country and has equally put democracy in a grave risk as
people cannot go out to exercise their franchise amidst insecurity hence the
declaration of state of emergency which negatively affects democracy in the
country.
1.3. Aims
and objectives of the study
The main aim
of the study is to examine the threat of ethnic militia to democracy and
security in Nigeria. Other specific objectives include;
To examine
the effect of ethnic militia on socio economic development of Nigeria.
To examine
the effect of ethnic militia on the development of democracy in Nigeria.
To
investigate the major factors contributing to insecurity in Nigeria.
To determine
the relationship between ethnic militancy and insecurity in Nigeria.
To recommend
possible solution to ethnic militia in Nigeria.
1.3.
Research Questions
What is the
effect of ethnic militia on socio economic development of Nigeria?
What is the
effect of ethnic militia on the development of democracy in Nigeria?
What are the
major factors contributing to insecurity in Nigeria?
What is the
relationship between ethnic militia and insecurity in Nigeria?
What are the
possible solutions to ethnic militia in Nigeria?
1.4.
Research Hypotheses
H0: Ethnic
militia does not affect Nigeria’s democracy
H1: Ethnic
militia affects Nigeria’s democracy
H0: There is
no relationship between ethnic militia and insecurity in Nigeria
H1: There is
a relationship between ethnic militia and insecurity in Nigeria
1.5.
Significance of the study
The study
would greatly benefit the Nigerian populace, government at all levels and
politicians as it would go a long way of unveiling the consequences of ethnic
militia on our nascent democracy and security. The study would also proffer
solutions to ethnic militia in Nigeria. The study would be of immense
importance to students, researchers and scholars who are interested in carrying
out further research on this subject matter.
1.6. Scope
of the study
The study is
restricted to the examination of ethnic militia and its threat to democracy and
security in Nigeria using a case study of the Niger delta militants.
1.7.
Research Design
The surveys
research method was used for this study. This was considered appropriate
because survey design generally can be used to effectively investigate problems
in realistic settings. The survey technique will also allow the researcher to
examine several variables and use multi-variate statistics to analyze data.
HOW TO GET THE FULL PROJECT WORK
PLEASE, print the following
instructions and information if you will like to order/buy our complete written
material(s).
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount
(#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1) Your project
topics
(2) Email
Address
(3) Payment
Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) after
we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 2023350498
Bank: UBA.
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
AFFILIATE
Comments
Post a Comment