TEACHERS COMPETENCE AND STUDENT ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN ACCOUNTING A CASE STUDY OF OBAFEMI OWODE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF OGUN STATE
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TEACHERS
COMPETENCE AND STUDENT ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN ACCOUNTING A CASE STUDY OF
OBAFEMI OWODE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF OGUN STATE
ABSTRACTS
This study
investigates teachers competence and students academic performance in
Accounting. A case study of Obafemi Owode Local Government Area of Ogun State.
The study examined whether teachers’ competences, teachers qualification and so
on contribute to the academic performance of students in Financial Accounting.
In views of these, four research questions were formulated. This study was a
description research survey type.130 students and 20 Accounting teachers were
selected for the study using simple random sampling. A well-structured
questionnaire was used for data collection and the data were analyzed using
simple percentage and mean. The study revealed that among others that teachers
competence and teacher qualification, working experience influence students
academic performance in financial accounting in the sample local
government. The study therefore
recommended that, teachers’ with high qualification, good experience of
teaching and qualify attitude should be recruited and allowed to teach
financial accounting in secondary schools. There should be room and
opportunities for teachers to attend seminars, conference and workshop on
proper ways of utilizing teaching instructional facilities in order to foster
learning and good performance among Financial accounting students.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background
to the Study
Competence
is the ability of an individual to do a job properly. A competency is a set of
defined behaviors that provide a structured guide enabling the identification,
evaluation and development of the behaviors in individual employees. The term
“competence” first appeared in an article authored by White in 1959 as a concept for performance
motivation. Some scholars see
“competence” as a combination of practical and theoretical knowledge, cognitive
skills, behavior and values used to improve performance; or as the state or
quality of being adequately or well qualified, having theability to perform a
specific role. For instance, life, management competency might include systems
thinking and emotional intelligence, and skills in influence andnegotiation.
Online Wikipedia (2015). Competency is
also used as a more general description of the requirements of human beings in
organizations and communities.
Competency
is sometimes thought of as being shown in action in a situation and context
that might be different the next time a person has to act. In emergencies,
competent people may react to a situation following behaviors they have
previously found to succeed. To be competent a person would need to be able to
interpret the situation in the context and to have a repertoire of possible
actions to take and have trained in the possible actions in the repertoire, if
this is relevant. Regardless of training, competency would grow through
experience and the extent of an individual to learn and adapt.
The issue of
this poor academic performance of students in Nigeria has been of much concern
to all and sundry. The quality of education depends on the teachers as
reflected in the performance of their duties.
The word
competence is taken by two common meanings, first is the ability to do a task.
The narrow conception of competency standards is lists of particular, discrete
vocation task of a teacher.
But
according to the integrated conception, competence is conceptualized in terms
of knowledge, abilities skills and attitudes display in the context of a
carefully chosen set of realistic professional tasks. With the passage of time
changes in every field of life are seen due to technology usage so teaching and
learning process also has been changing and needs to benefits the inventions. A
teacher’s competency in 21st century according to UNESCO (2008) is that a
competent teacher should have firm knowledge of the curriculum of his/her
subjects and to use technology into the curriculum. Formal system of education
depends on three components that are curriculum, students and teacher.
Teacher’s
role is to impact education and education builds societies. An individual is
units of a society. Individual makes society and societies make nations. That
nation is taken as to be civilized that has some rules and regulations to pass
a peaceful life. These are called traditional values and cultures, a set of
values. Every society has an established set of values called virtues and vices
that takes conscious measures at various level to promote the virtues and
eliminate the vices. These sets of values transfer from generation to
generation by education either informal or formal education. Education is
impartially and acquisition of knowledge and getting awareness. So, it is the
only education that gives awareness about the traditions and these rules to
pass life in the society and doubt these value changes with the passage of
time. Education develops the personality and character. It is the development
of all these capabilities in the individual which enable a person to control
its environment and fulfill ones possibilities. According to Curzon (2003)
education is a human activity has largely on the related process: known as
learning and teaching process. It nurture of human personality.
But Wrag
(2004) views about education that it partly rectifies what a learner already
knows and for these skills are needed. It is a work of harmony. Learners are
ignorant how and what to learn but a proficient and skilled teacher can guide
them. Education rectifies any unfairness and for this a teacher needs competency
in its profession. Rectification can only be done if the teacher has passion
and profession. Because education is teaching learning process whereas teacher
is teaching and a learner is learning in a formal system of education. So, with
respect to learning and teaching a teacher’s role is central based.
The quality
of education depends upon the provision of education that education depends
upon the provision of education that is being provided by two sources that are
teacher and curriculum. In formal system of education a students has to depends
on teacher who transmits, interpret, and facilities subject matters knowledge.
Education of the highest quality requires teachers of the highest quality and
highly skilled and professional teaching can do this. Teacher prepare citizens
for future, citizens make a nation and
high level of knowledge, competencies and skills are the very basic conditions
for active citizenship, employment and several conversion. These builds one’s
future on professional and personal level and high-quality education is
essential for this purpose. But different subject need different techniques,
skills for effectives teaching and learning process and its outcome. All these
(sujathamalinia, 2007) techniques, abilities and skills combine and make a
teacher competent. The reliability of a work depends upon its competency and
competency depends on consistency of the work. A teacher needs different kind
of skills in different competencies in the subject. Goals are fixed that
teacher and learners have to achieve in that subject so is the case in English
subject.
Overtime
students’ academic performance in both external and internal examinations had
been used to determine excellence in teacher teaching (Ajao, 2001). Teachers
have been shown to have an important influence on students’ academic
achievements and they also play crucial role in educational attainment because
the teacher is ultimately responsible for translating policy into action and
principles based on practices during interaction with the student ( Afe, 2001).
Both teachers and learners depends on teachers, no wonder an effective teacher has been conceptualized
as one of who produce desired result in
the course of his duty as a teacher (Uchefona, 2001). Many studies have revealed
that students academics achievements is enhanced where the teachers possess
adequate knowledge of the subject matter and a good command of pedagogical
skill have a strong positive effect on students’ academic achievement in
regular classroom teaching (Olarewaju, 1995, Lockhead, & Verspoor 1991).
Owolabi
(2003) described a teacher as an instructor responsible to teach, direct
control, interpret and instruct the learner for better attainment. Records have
shown that student’s performance in senior secondary certificate of education
(SSCE) is quits, below average (Ikoh, 2007). This performance is blamed on
teachers (Ashibi2005) and government inability to effectively sponsor education
and motivate teachers to enhance their productivity (Agba eta , 2009). The
mixed feelings about the cause of poor academic performance of student in
secondary school, especially in financial accounting at SSCE make this research
more imperative even as it focuses on the competency level of the financial
accounting teachers.
Statement of
the Problem
It has been
observed recently that most student in the senior secondary schools in
Obafemi-Owode Local Government Area of Ogun State, out of the few many students
often record poor performance especially in financial accounting SSCE.
For instance
in Orile-Igbore grammar school, Ajura, one of the schools selected for this
study eighteen (18) students were presented for 2015 West Africa senior school
certificate examination for financial accounting , unfortunately all the
eighteen students failed.
Also in
Egba-owode grammar school, Owode-egba, forty seven (47) candidates were
presented for WASSCE 2015 for financial accounting. Out of this forty seven
student, twenty five of them failed while the remaining twenty two of them
passed had ordinary passes. The situation was worse for the same school. WASSCE
result for the ears (2014) where out of fifty five candidates that were
registered for financial accounting 52 of them failed while the remaining three
had the result withhold. Equally, in another school selected for this study,
Sapade Grammar school , Sapade nine (9) candidate were presented for WASSCE,
apart from the student who was absent from the examination, the remaining eight
(8) failed. The situation was not
different in 2014 where out of eighteen candidates presented for the same
examination, ten failed, while four had ordinary passes, two credit passes and
the remaining two students either had their result withheld or canceled.
The above
record had shown that student performance in senior secondary certificate
examination (SSCE) is quite below average. One may inquire whether the
incompetence of teachers could be responsible for the observed poor performance
of student particularly in financial accounting, and the widely acclaimed
fallen standard of education in Obefemi-owode Local Government Area of Ogun
state Nigeria.
Purpose of
The Study
The study
sets out clearly to investigate teacher competence and students academic
performance in financial accounting, a case study of Obafemi Owode Local
government area of Ogun State.
Also the
specific objective is;
To determine
teacher competencies on student academic performance
To determine
the impact of working experience on teaching and learning of financial
accounting
To determine
the attitude of teacher towards teaching and learning of financial accounting.
To
investigate the impact of teachers method of teaching on students academic
performance in financial accounting
Research
Questions
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